...Date... AGE Event
1737/--/-- 0 *** Alexander, Elizabeth (Bozarth) - Born Monongahela county Virginia
1737/--/-- 0 - William Mayo founds the city of Richmond, Virginia.
1738/--/-- 1 - A porcelain factory is established in France at Vincennes; it moves later to Sevres.
1738/--/-- 1 - Bernoulli publishes Hydrodynamica, stating his law of hydrodynamics.
1738/--/-- 1 - George Whitefield precipitates the Great Awakening religious revival in America.
1738/--/-- 1 - The Treaty of Vienna concludes the War of the Polish Succession; Stanislaw I abdicates.
1738/--/-- 1 - The excavation of Herculaneum begins in Italy.
1739/--/-- 2 - John Wesley founds the Methodist religious movement.
1739/--/-- 2 - Mutilation of an English sea captain by the Spanish leads to the War of Jenkins' Ear.
1739/--/-- 2 - The British under Admiral Vernon raid Spanish settlements in the West Indies.
1739/--/-- 2 - The Persians under Nadir Shah defeat the Mogul army and destroy Delhi.
1740/--/-- 3 *** Bozarth, Joseph [Husband] - Born to Bozarth, John and Borden, Innocent (Bozarth) Burlington County, New Jersey
1740/--/-- 3 - Anna Empress of Russia dies; she is succeeded by Elizabeth in 1741.
1740/--/-- 3 - Charles VI's daughter Maria Theresa succeeds to the Austrian Habsburg empire.
1740/--/-- 3 - English novelist Samuel Richardson writes Pamela; or Virtue Rewarded.
1740/--/-- 3 - Frederick II (Frederick the Great) assumes the Prussian throne.
1740/--/-- 3 - Frederick II of Prussia invades the Habsburg province of Silesia.
1740/--/-- 3 - Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI dies; the War of the Austrian Succession begins.
1740/--/-- 3 - Scottish philosopher David Hume writes his Treatise of Human Nature.
1740/--/-- 3 - The British under James Oglethorpe attack Spanish possessions in Florida.
1741/--/-- 4 - George Frideric Handel composes the Messiah.
1741/--/-- 4 - Prussia forms an anti-Habsburg coalition with Bavaria, Spain and France.
1742/--/-- 5 - A Spanish invasion of Georgia is defeated by British forces under James Oglethorpe.
1742/--/-- 5 - Maria Theresa makes peace with Frederick II; Silesia is ceded to Prussia.
1742/--/-- 5 - Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius invents the Celsius scale for temperature.
1742/--/-- 5 - The Anti-Habsburg coalition elects Charles VII as Holy Roman Emperor.
1742/--/-- 5 - The cast iron Franklin stove is invented by Benjamin Franklin.
1743/--/-- 6 - An English porcelain factory is established at Chelsea in London.
1743/--/-- 6 - The first permanent bullring is built in Madrid.
1744/--/-- 7 - King George's War begins in North America between Britain and France.
1744/--/-- 7 - Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab founds the Wahhabi Muslim sect about this time.
1745/--/-- 8 - Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie Prince Charlie) leads a second Jacobite rebellion.
1745/--/-- 8 - Giovanni Piranesi begins his etchings of Carceri d'Invenzione (Imaginary Prisons).
1745/--/-- 8 - Louis XV installs the Marquise de Pompadour as his official mistress.
1745/--/-- 8 - Maria Theresa's husband Francis succeeds Charles VII as Holy Roman Emperor.
1745/--/-- 8 - The British under Pepperrell capture the French fortress of Louisburg in Canada.
1745/--/-- 8 - The French under the Comte de Saxe defeat Austrian, English and Dutch forces at Fontenoy.
1745/--/-- 8 - The Treaty of Dresden confirms Prussian control of Silesia.
1746/--/-- 9 - Britain and France struggle for the domination of India; France seizes Madras.
1746/--/-- 9 - Charles Edward Stuart (Bonnie Prince Charlie) is defeated at Culloden.
1746/--/-- 9 - English actor David Garrick becomes the manager of the Drury Lane Theatre.
1746/--/-- 9 - Ferdinand VI succeeds Philip V as king of Spain.
1746/--/-- 9 - Princeton University is founded in New Jersey.
1747/--/-- 10 - Nadir Shah of Persia (Iran) is assassinated.
1747/--/-- 10 - The Ohio Company is formed to promote settlement west of the Appalachians.
1747/--/-- 10 - The Pathans defeat the Persians; Ahmad Shah Sadozai founds a new dynasty.
1748/--/-- 11 - English artist Thomas Gainsborough paints Robert Andrews and Mary, His Wife.
1748/--/-- 11 - French political philosopher Montesquieu writes The Spirit of the Laws.
1748/--/-- 11 - The Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ends the War of the Austrian Succession.
1749/--/-- 12 - English novelist Henry Fielding writes Tom Jones.
1749/--/-- 12 - Italian dramatist Carlo Goldoni writes La Putta honorata (The Respectable Girl).
1749/--/-- 12 - The British found Halifax in Nova Scotia as a military base.
1750/--/-- 13 - American frontiersman Christopher Gist explores the Ohio River region.
1750/--/-- 13 - Baal Shem Tov founds the Jewish sect of Hasidism about this time.
1750/--/-- 13 - Poona becomes the capital of the Maratha confederacy in India.
1750/--/-- 13 - The Afshars are replaced by the Zand dynasty in Persia (Iran); Shiraz becomes the capital.
1750/--/-- 13 - The Conestoga wagon develops in Pennsylvania about this time.
1750/--/-- 13 - The neoclassical movement in art develops in Europe about this time.
1750/--/-- 13 - The waltz becomes a popular dance in Europe about this time.
1751/--/-- 14 - English novelist Tobias Smollett writes The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker.
1751/--/-- 14 - English soldier Robert Clive captures Arcot in India.
1751/--/-- 14 - Jean Etienne Guettard produces the first geological maps of France.
1751/--/-- 14 - The Worcester Royal Porcelain Company is founded in England.
1751/--/-- 14 - The first volume of Diderot's Encyclopedie is published.
1752/--/-- 15 - Benjamin Franklin invents the lightning conductor.
1752/--/-- 15 - French artist Francois Boucher paints Mademoiselle O'Murphy.
1752/--/-- 15 - Italian artist Tiepolo paints the Marriage of Frederick Barbarossa.
1753/--/-- 16 - Swedish biologist Carolus Linnaeus publishes his system of plant classification.
1753/--/-- 16 - The British Museum is founded in London.
1754/--/-- 17 - French attacks against the English in Ohio lead to the last French and Indian War.
1754/--/-- 17 - Italian architect Rastrelli designs the Winter Palace in Saint Petersburg (Leningrad).
1754/--/-- 17 - The Royal and Ancient Golf Club is founded at Saint Andrews in Scotland.
1754/--/-- 17 - Thomas Chippendale publishes The Gentleman and Cabinet Maker's Directory.
1755/--/-- 18 - Adventurer and lover Casanova is arrested in Venice for witchcraft.
1755/--/-- 18 - Pasquale Paoli founds an independent state in Corsica.
1755/--/-- 18 - Samuel Johnson publishes his Dictionary of the English Language.
1755/--/-- 18 - The British under Braddock are defeated by the French at Fort Duquesne.
1755/--/-- 18 - The French population of Acadia (Nova Scotia) is deported by the British.
1755/--/-- 18 - The Lisbon earthquake kills 50,000.
1756/--/-- 19 - 123 British soldiers are alleged to have died in the Black Hole of Calcutta in Bengal, India.
1756/--/-- 19 - French general Montcalm captures Fort Oswego and dominates the Great Lakes.
1756/--/-- 19 - The Seven Years' War begins with a Prussian attack on Austria.
1756/--/-- 19 - William Pitt (the Elder) becomes prime minister of Britain.
1757/--/-- 20 - Frederick II of Prussia defeats the Franco-Austrian army at Rossbach.
1757/--/-- 20 - Robert Clive defeats the nawab of Bengal at the Battle of Plassey in India.
1758/--/-- 21 *** Alexander, Elizabeth (Bozarth) & Bozarth, Joseph [Husband] - Married Monongalia County Virginia
1758/--/-- 21 - Americans and British regulars under General Forbes capture Fort Duquesne.
1758/--/-- 21 - The Burmese overthrow the Mons; Rangoon becomes the new capital of Burma.
1758/--/-- 21 - The French under Montcalm defeat the British at Fort Ticonderoga.
1759/--/-- 22 - French poet and dramatist Voltaire publishes his philosophical novel Candide.
1759/--/-- 22 - Josiah Wedgwood establishes his first pottery works.
1759/--/-- 22 - The Botanical Gardens are founded at Kew in London.
1759/--/-- 22 - The British defeat the French at Niagara; Amherst captures Fort Ticonderoga.
1759/--/-- 22 - The British under Wolfe defeat Montcalm at Quebec; Wolfe dies from his wounds.
1759/--/-- 22 - The Russians defeat Frederick II at Kunersdorf.
1760/--/-- 23 - English architect Robert Adam begins the design of Syon House.
1760/--/-- 23 - English novelist Laurence Sterne publishes the first volumes of Tristram Shandy.
1760/--/-- 23 - George II dies; he is succeeded by his grandson George III as king of England.
1760/--/-- 23 - The British under Amherst capture Montreal, ending French resistance in North America.
1760/--/-- 23 - The Russians invade Prussia and burn Berlin.
1761/--/-- 24 - Franz Josef Haydn becomes court composer to Prince Esterhazy.
1761/09/02 24 - George III crowned King of Great Britain and Ireland at Westminster Abbey by Tho
1762/--/-- 25 - American Indian religious leader, the Delaware Prophet, is active in the Ohio Valley.
1762/--/-- 25 - Britain seizes Cuba and the Philippines from Spain.
1762/--/-- 25 - British animal painter George Stubbs completes the Horse Attacked by a Lion.
1762/--/-- 25 - Catherine II (Catherine the Great) succeeds her husband as empress of Russia.
1762/--/-- 25 - France cedes Louisiana to Spain to prevent British control of the region.
1762/--/-- 25 - French philosopher Rousseau publishes The Social Contract and Emile.
1762/--/-- 25 - Peter III succeeds Elizabeth as emperor of Russia, but is deposed and murdered.
1762/--/-- 25 - The Russians end their alliance with Austria against Prussia.
1762/--/-- 25 - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart performs at the Imperial court in Vienna at age 6.
1763/--/-- 26 - Augustus III dies; he is succeeded (1764) by Stanislaw II, the last king of Poland.
1763/--/-- 26 - Britain returns Cuba and the Philippines to Spain in exchange for Florida.
1763/--/-- 26 - France cedes Canada and all territories east of the Mississippi River to Britain.
1763/--/-- 26 - France recognizes British dominance in India.
1763/--/-- 26 - French forces withdraw from Germany; Prussia retains Silesia.
1763/--/-- 26 - James Boswell meets Samuel Johnson for the first time.
1763/--/-- 26 - The Ottawa chief Pontiac leads an uprising against the British.
1763/--/-- 26 - The Treaty of Paris ends the Seven Years' War and the French and Indian Wars.
1763/--/-- 26 - The Wahhabi Saudis begin to establish control over Arabia.
1764/--/-- 27 - German historian Johann Winckelmann publishes his History of the Art of Antiquity.
1764/--/-- 27 - Thomas Chatterton forges the Rowley poems at the age of 12.
1765/--/-- 28 - Francis I dies; he is succeeded by Joseph II as Holy Roman Emperor.
1765/--/-- 28 - French artist Francois Boucher is appointed court painter to Louis XV.
1765/--/-- 28 - George Grenville's Stamp Act imposes a tax on all publications in the American colonies.
1765/--/-- 28 - Horace Walpole publishes his Gothic novel The Castle of Otranto.
1765/--/-- 28 - Lancelot Capability Brown designs the gardens at Blenheim Palace.
1765/--/-- 28 - Robert Clive is appointed governor of Bengal in India.
1765/--/-- 28 - Samuel Adams helps to found the Sons of Liberty to oppose the Stamp Act.
1765/--/-- 28 - Sir William Blackstone begins his Commentaries on the Laws of England.
1766/--/-- 29 - Anglo-Irish author Oliver Goldsmith publishes The Vicar of Wakefield.
1766/--/-- 29 - English chemist Henry Cavendish isolates hydrogen gas for the first time.
1766/--/-- 29 - French artist Jean Honore Fragonard paints The Swing.
1766/--/-- 29 - German dramatist and critic Gotthold Ephraim Lessing publishes Laocoon.
1766/--/-- 29 - The Declaratory Act imposes Parliament's right to make laws in the colonies.
1766/--/-- 29 - The Nautical Almanac provides the first practical method for determining longitude.
1766/--/-- 29 - The Stamp Act is repealed after strong opposition from American colonists.
1767/--/-- 30 - German composer Christoph Willibald Gluck writes his opera Alceste.
1767/--/-- 30 - German-Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn publishes Phaedon.
1767/--/-- 30 - The Burmese destroy the Siam capital of Ayutthaya; the Bangkok Period begins.
1767/--/-- 30 - The Mason-Dixon line establishes the Pennsylvania-Maryland boundary.
1767/--/-- 30 - The Townshend Acts impose a tax on imports to North America.
1768/--/-- 31 - Genoa sells its rights in Corsica to France.
1768/--/-- 31 - Joshua Reynolds becomes the first president of the Royal Academy in London.
1768/--/-- 31 - Louis Antoine de Bougainville claims the Pacific island of Tahiti for France.
1768/--/-- 31 - The Russo-Turkish War is renewed.
1768/--/-- 31 - The first weekly numbers of the Encyclopaedia Britannica are issued.
1769/--/-- 32 - American pioneer Daniel Boone explores a route through the Cumberland Gap.
1769/--/-- 32 - French forces in Corsica defeat Pasquale Paoli; Corsica becomes a province of France.
1769/--/-- 32 - James Watt patents a condenser to improve the performance of steam engines.
1769/--/-- 32 - Ottawa Indian chief Pontiac is assassinated by a Peoria Indian.
1769/--/-- 32 - Richard Arkwright invents a spinning frame to mechanize cotton weaving.
1769/--/-- 32 - The Comtesse du Barry becomes the official mistress to Louis XV.
1769/--/-- 32 - The Gurkhas conquer Nepal.
1770/--/-- 33 - A brawl between British troops and colonists leads to the Boston Massacre.
1770/--/-- 33 - British explorer James Bruce discovers the source of the Blue Nile.
1770/--/-- 33 - English artist Thomas Gainsborough paints The Blue Boy.
1770/--/-- 33 - English navigator James Cook explores New Zealand and the east coast of Australia.
1770/--/-- 33 - Lord North becomes prime minister of Britain.
1770/--/-- 33 - Louis, the future king of France, marries Marie Antoinette.
1770/--/-- 33 - The British Parliament repeals the Townshend Acts.
1770/--/-- 33 - Thomas Jefferson begins building Monticello, his house in Virginia.
1771/--/-- 34 - Governor Tyron defeats the Regulators (dissident farmers) in North Carolina.
1771/--/-- 34 - Gustav III succeeds his father as king of Sweden.
1772/--/-- 35 - American artist Benjamin West paints The Death of Wolfe.
1772/--/-- 35 - English artist Joshua Reynolds paints a Portrait of Samuel Johnson.
1772/--/-- 35 - Poland is partitioned among Russia, Prussia and Austria.
1773/--/-- 36 - American colonists throw British tea into Boston Harbor during the Boston Tea Party.
1773/--/-- 36 - Anglo-Irish author Oliver Goldsmith writes the play She Stoops to Conquer.
1773/--/-- 36 - Calcutta is established as the capital of British India.
1773/--/-- 36 - Don Cossack Yemelian Pugachev leads the Peasant's Revolt in Russia.
1773/--/-- 36 - Pope Clement XIV persecutes the Jesuits.
1774/--/-- 37 - Britain passes the Intolerable Acts and closes the port of Boston.
1774/--/-- 37 - British scientist Joseph Priestley discovers oxygen.
1774/--/-- 37 - Edmund Burke's speech On American Taxation defends the colony's rights.
1774/--/-- 37 - Johann Wolfgang von Goethe publishes The Sorrows of Young Werther.
1774/--/-- 37 - Louis XV dies; he is succeeded by his grandson Louis XVI as king of France.
1774/--/-- 37 - Rhode Island becomes the first state to abolish slavery.
1774/--/-- 37 - The Quebec Act grants religious liberty to Roman Catholics in Canada.
1774/--/-- 37 - The Treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji ends the Russo-Turkish War.
1774/--/-- 37 - The first Continental Congress meets and condemns Britain's Intolerable Acts.
1774/--/-- 37 - Warren Hastings is appointed as the first Governor-General of British India.
1775/--/-- 38 *** Bozarth, Levi [Son] - Born to Bozarth, Joseph and Alexander, Elizabeth (Bozarth) Mohongalia County, Virginia
1775/--/-- 38 - American patriot Patrick Henry states "Give me liberty, or give me death."
1775/--/-- 38 - Americans under Montgomery occupy Montreal, but fail to capture Quebec.
1775/--/-- 38 - British troops and colonial militia clash at Lexington, starting the American Revolution.
1775/--/-- 38 - British troops suffer heavy losses at the Battle of Bunker Hill.
1775/--/-- 38 - French dramatist Caron de Beaumarchais writes the Barber of Seville.
1775/--/-- 38 - Paul Revere rides to Lexington to warn of approaching British troops.
1775/--/-- 38 - Revolutionary War Begins
1775/--/-- 38 - The Continental Congress chooses George Washington to head the Continental Army.
1776/--/-- 39 - American General Charles Lee is captured by the British.
1776/--/-- 39 - Ann Lee establishes a Shaker community at Wartervliet in New York.
1776/--/-- 39 - British forces are evacuated from Boston.
1776/--/-- 39 - British forces under Sir Henry Clinton bombard Charleston harbor.
1776/--/-- 39 - Charles Burney publishes the first volume of A General History of Music.
1776/--/-- 39 - David Bushnell's submarine the Turtle makes an abortive attack on British ships.
1776/--/-- 39 - Economist Adam Smith publishes the Wealth of Nations.
1776/--/-- 39 - Edward Gibbon publishes the first volume of Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
1776/--/-- 39 - Grigory Aleksandrovich Potemkin organizes the Russian Black Sea fleet.
1776/--/-- 39 - Howe defeats Washington at White Plains; Washington retreats across the Delaware.
1776/--/-- 39 - Nathan Hale is executed by the British as a spy.
1776/--/-- 39 - Swiss banker Jacques Necker is appointed director of the treasury by Louis XVI.
1776/--/-- 39 - The British under Howe defeat Washington on Long Island and occupy New York.
1776/--/-- 39 - The Continental Congress adopts the Declaration of Independence.
1776/--/-- 39 - The Sturm und Drang (Storm and Stress) literary movement begins in Germany.
1776/--/-- 39 - Thomas Paine publishes his Revolutionary War pamphlet Common Sense.
1776/--/-- 39 - Washington defeats British forces at Trenton and Princeton (1777).
1777/--/-- 40 - Burgoyne capitulates to Horatio Gates' American forces at Saratoga.
1777/--/-- 40 - Christianity is introduced into Korea.
1777/--/-- 40 - French chemist Lavoisier proves that air is composed of oxygen and nitrogen.
1777/--/-- 40 - General Burgoyne captures Ticonderoga and defeats the Americans in Pennsylvania.
1777/--/-- 40 - Richard Brinsley Sheridan's comedy The School for Scandal is produced.
1777/--/-- 40 - The British under Howe capture Philadelphia, forcing Congress to flee.
1777/--/-- 40 - The British under Howe defeat Washington's Continental Army at Brandywine Creek.
1777/--/-- 40 - The Continental Congress adopts the Stars and Stripes as the American flag.
1777/--/-- 40 - The Marquis de Lafayette offers his services to the Continental Congress.
1777/--/-- 40 - Washington's Continental Army spends a hard winter at Valley Forge.
1778/--/-- 41 - English novelist Fanny Burney writes Evelina.
1778/--/-- 41 - France enters the American War of Independence in support of the colonies.
1778/--/-- 41 - Franz Anton Mesmer opens a Paris practice to treat patients using magnetism.
1778/--/-- 41 - John Singleton Copley paints Watson and the Shark.
1778/--/-- 41 - La Scala opera house opens in Milan, Italy.
1778/--/-- 41 - Portugal transfers its rights in Equatorial Guinea to Spain.
1778/--/-- 41 - Washington clashes with British forces under Clinton at Monmouth, N.J.
1779/--/-- 42 - American forces under Sullivan campaign against the Iroquois on the New York border.
1779/--/-- 42 - An American squadron led by John Paul Jones attacks British shipping.
1779/--/-- 42 - British explorer James Cook is killed by natives on Hawaii.
1779/--/-- 42 - George Rogers Clark recaptures Vincennes from the British.
1779/--/-- 42 - Samuel Crompton develops his spinning mule for England's cotton industry.
1779/--/-- 42 - Samuel Johnson begins writing The Lives of the Poets
1779/--/-- 42 - Spain declares war on Britain and lays siege to Gibraltar.
1779/--/-- 42 - War breaks out between Dutch settlers and the Xhosas in South Africa.
1780/--/-- 43 - Americans under Horatio Gates are defeated by Cornwallis at Camden, S.C.
1780/--/-- 43 - Andre's capture exposes Benedict Arnold's plot to surrender West Point.
1780/--/-- 43 - English spy John Andre is caught and executed by the Americans.
1780/--/-- 43 - Francis Marion and Thomas Sumter lead guerrilla forces against the British.
1780/--/-- 43 - Luigi Galvani begins experiments on the effect of electricity on nerves and muscles.
1780/--/-- 43 - Maria Theresa dies; Joseph II inherits the crown of Bohemia and Hungary.
1780/--/-- 43 - Peruvian Indians under Tupac Amaru revolt against Spainish rule.
1780/--/-- 43 - The British under Clinton occupy Charleston, S.C. and capture the garrison.
1780/--/-- 43 - The Derby horse race is established in England.
1780/--/-- 43 - The Gordon Riots begin in London against Catholic emancipation.
1780/--/-- 43 - Venetian artist Francesco Guardi paints the Gondola on the Lagoon.
1781/--/-- 44 - American forces under Daniel Morgan defeat the British at the Battle of Cowpens.
1781/--/-- 44 - English astronomer William Herschel discovers the planet Uranus.
1781/--/-- 44 - German philosopher Immanuel Kant publishes his Critique of Pure Reason.
1781/--/-- 44 - The British defeat Hyder Ali the Muslim ruler of Mysore (now Karnataka) in India.
1781/--/-- 44 - The British under Cornwallis surrender to the Americans at Yorktown.
1781/--/-- 44 - The French aid Washington in the siege of Yorktown.
1782/--/-- 45 - Henry Grattan's Patriot party achieves legislative independence for Ireland.
1782/--/-- 45 - Kamehameha I begins a ten-year war for control of Hawaii.
1782/--/-- 45 - Peace talks open in Paris between Britain and America.
1782/--/-- 45 - Pierre Choderlos de Laclos writes Les Liaisons Dangereuses.
1782/--/-- 45 - Rama I founds the Chakkri dynasty in Siam (Thailand) with Bangkok as its capital.
1782/--/-- 45 - The design for the Great Seal of the United States is adopted by the Continental Congress.
1782/--/-- 45 - Tippu Sultan succeeds his father as ruler of Mysore (now Karnataka) in India.
1783/--/-- 46 - An earthquake kills 30,000 people at Calabria in Italy.
1783/--/-- 46 - Britain cedes all lands west to Mississippi River
1783/--/-- 46 - Britain recognizes the independence of the United States at the Treaty of Paris.
1783/--/-- 46 - British forces abandon New York, their last stronghold in North America.
1783/--/-- 46 - French scientist Jacques Charles demonstrates the first hydrogen-inflated balloon.
1783/--/-- 46 - Peace Treaty ends Revolutionary War
1783/--/-- 46 - Revolutionary War Ends
1783/--/-- 46 - Russia gains control of the Crimea after three centuries of Turkish rule.
1783/--/-- 46 - The British return Florida to Spain under the terms of the Treaty of Paris.
1783/--/-- 46 - The Montgolfier brothers make the first manned flight in a hot air balloon.
1783/--/-- 46 - William Pitt (the Younger) becomes prime minister of Britain at age 24.
1783/--/-- 46 - William Pitt II becomes English Prime Minister at 24
1784/--/-- 47 - American inventor Oliver Evans develops the first automated flour mill.
1784/--/-- 47 - Ben Franklin invents bifocal eyeglasses
1784/--/-- 47 - French dramatist Caron de Beaumarchais writes the Marriage of Figaro.
1784/--/-- 47 - French neoclassical artist Jacques Louis David paints The Oath of Horatii.
1784/--/-- 47 - Grigory Shelekhov founds the first Russian colony in America at Kodiak Island, Alaska.
1784/--/-- 47 - Thomas Jefferson's proposes a ban on slavery in the western territories.
1785/--/-- 48 - English poet William Cowper publishes The Task.
1785/--/-- 48 - French navigator La Perouse sails to the Pacific to find the Northwest Passage.
1785/--/-- 48 - Jean Pierre Blanchard makes the first balloon flight across the English Channel.
1785/--/-- 48 - New York City becomes the temporary capital of the United States.
1785/--/-- 48 - Newspaper publisher John Walter founds The Times of London.
1786/--/-- 49 - Daniel Shays leads a rebellion against the state government in Massachusetts.
1786/--/-- 49 - First ice cream made commercially in NYC
1786/--/-- 49 - Francisco de Goya becomes court painter to Charles III of Spain.
1786/--/-- 49 - Frederick II dies; he is succeeded by his son Frederick William II as king of Prussia.
1786/--/-- 49 - Lord Cornwallis succeeds Warren Hastings as governor-general of India.
1786/--/-- 49 - Robert Burns publishes Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish dialect.
1786/--/-- 49 - Shay's Rebellion, MASS
1786/--/-- 49 - Singapore, Penang and Melaka are ceded to Britain as the Straits Settlements.
1786/--/-- 49 - Swiss climbers make the first ascent of Mount Blanc.
1787/--/-- 50 - Alexander Hamilton, John Jay and James Madison write the first Federalist essays.
1787/--/-- 50 - American inventor John Fitch launches a steam-powered ferry boat on the Delaware.
1787/--/-- 50 - Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart writes the opera Don Giovanni.
1787/--/-- 50 - British reformer William Wilberforce declares his aims to abolish slavery.
1787/--/-- 50 - Constitutional Convention
1787/--/-- 50 - Henry Holland builds the first Royal Pavilion at Brighton for the Prince Regent.
1787/--/-- 50 - Royall Tyler's The Contrast becomes the first stage comedy to be produced in the U.S.
1787/--/-- 50 - The Assembly of Notables is summoned by Louis XVI to reform French taxation.
1787/--/-- 50 - The British found Freetown and establish Sierra Leone as a colony for freed slaves.
1787/--/-- 50 - The Constitutional Convention meets in Philadelphia to draw up a U.S. Constitution.
1787/--/-- 50 - The Continental Congress excludes slavery from the Northwest Territory.
1787/--/-- 50 - The Marylebone Cricket Club (M.C.C.) is formed in London, England.
1787/--/-- 50 - Turkey declares war on Russia, beginning a new Russo-Turkish War.
1788/--/-- 51 - "The Federalist" published
1788/--/-- 51 - A crop failure in France leads to bread riots.
1788/--/-- 51 - Austria joins Russia in the war against Turkey.
1788/--/-- 51 - Captain Arthur Phillip founds the first Australian penal colony at Sydney Cove.
1788/--/-- 51 - Constitution ratified
1788/--/-- 51 - French physicist Lagrange publishes his Analytical Mechanics.
1788/--/-- 51 - George III of England has his first attack of mental illness.
1788/--/-- 51 - Mozart composes 3 symphonies: E-flat, G minor and Jupiter in less than 7 weeks.
1788/--/-- 51 - Swedish forces under Gustav III attack Russia.
1788/--/-- 51 - Warren Hastings is impeached for maladministration in India.
1789/--/-- 52 - A National Assembly is declared in France, ending the power of the States-General.
1789/--/-- 52 - Alexander Hamilton becomes the first U.S. secretary of the treasury.
1789/--/-- 52 - Austrian forces capture Belgrade from the Turks.
1789/--/-- 52 - Bill of Rights adopted
1789/--/-- 52 - English poet and artist William Blake publishes Songs of Innocence.
1789/--/-- 52 - French Revolution begins
1789/--/-- 52 - French sculptor Jean Antoine Houdon makes busts of Jefferson and Washington.
1789/--/-- 52 - George Washington (Federalist) becomes president of the United States
1789/--/-- 52 - Jeremy Bentham publishes An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation.
1789/--/-- 52 - Louis XVI is forced to capitulate; France becomes a constitutional monarchy.
1789/--/-- 52 - Mutinous sailors seize H.M.S. Bounty and take refuge on Pitcairn Island.
1789/--/-- 52 - The Federalist party is formed by supporters of the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
1789/--/-- 52 - The French National Assembly formulates a Declaration of the Rights of Man.
1789/--/-- 52 - The French Revolution begins with an attack on the Bastille.
1789/--/-- 52 - The Supreme Court of the United States is founded with John Jay as Chief Justice.
1789/--/-- 52 - The Tammany Hall political organization is founded in New York.
1789/--/-- 52 - The first national Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in the U.S.
1789/--/-- 52 - Tippu Sultan begins the Third Mysore War against the British in India.
1789/--/-- 52 - Washington is elected as the first U.S. president; John Adams becomes vice-president.
1789/--/-- 52 - Wm. Blake publishes "Songs of Innocence"
1790/--/-- 53 - Leopold II succeeds Joseph II as Holy Roman Emperor.
1790/--/-- 53 - New England captains extend whaling into the Pacific Ocean about this time.
1790/--/-- 53 - Philadelphia replaces New York as the temporary capital of the U.S.
1790/--/-- 53 - Seat of government moves from NYC to Philadelphia
1790/--/-- 53 - Sweden and Russia sign a peace treaty.
1790/--/-- 53 - The New York Stock Exchange is founded.
1790/--/-- 53 - The bolero Spanish dance is introduced about this time.
1790/--/-- 53 - Thomas Jefferson proposes a decimal (metric) system; Congress rejects the suggestion.
1790/05/25 53 *** Bozarth, Joseph [Husband] - Died Nelson County Kentucky
1791/--/-- 54 - Austria returns Belgrade to the Turks.
1791/--/-- 54 - Chinese author Ts'ao Hsueh-ch'in publishes The Dream of the Red Chamber.
1791/--/-- 54 - Emperor Joseph II ends the war between Austria and Turkey.
1791/--/-- 54 - James Boswell publishes his Life of Samuel Johnson.
1791/--/-- 54 - Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette are captured while trying to leave France.
1791/--/-- 54 - Marquis de Sade writes the novel Justine from his prison cell.
1791/--/-- 54 - Miami Indian chief Little Turtle defeats an American force under General Arthur St. Clair.
1791/--/-- 54 - Mozart's opera The Magic Flute is performed for the first time.
1791/--/-- 54 - Pierre Charles L'Enfant designs the new U.S. capital of Washington, D.C.
1791/--/-- 54 - The Bill of Rights (the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution) is ratified.
1791/--/-- 54 - The First Bank of the United States is founded.
1791/--/-- 54 - The Province of Quebec is divided into Upper Canada and Lower Canada.
1791/--/-- 54 - Thomas Paine publishes The Rights of Man in defense of the French revolution.
1791/--/-- 54 - Thomas Sheraton publishes The Cabinet Maker and Upholsterer's Drawing Book.
1791/--/-- 54 - Tom Paine "The Rights of Man"
1791/--/-- 54 - Toussaint l'Ouverture leads a slave revolt in Haiti against the French.
1791/--/-- 54 - Vermont becomes the 14th state of the Union.
1792/--/-- 55 - Architect James Hoban wins the competition to design the White House.
1792/--/-- 55 - Charles Bulfinch designs the Connecticut State House (now Hartford City Hall).
1792/--/-- 55 - First U.S. Trade Union of shoemakers
1792/--/-- 55 - France declares war on Austria and Prussia, beginning the French Revolutionary Wars.
1792/--/-- 55 - Francis II succeeds Leopold II to become the last Holy Roman Emperor.
1792/--/-- 55 - George Washington is reelected as president.
1792/--/-- 55 - German philosopher Fichte writes an Essay toward a Critique of All Revelations.
1792/--/-- 55 - Gustav III of Sweden is assassinated at a masquerade in Stockholm.
1792/--/-- 55 - Jefferson leads the Democratic-Republican party in opposition to the Federalists.
1792/--/-- 55 - Kentucky becomes the 15th state of the Union.
1792/--/-- 55 - Mary Wollstonecraft publishes A Vindication of the Rights of Women.
1792/--/-- 55 - New insurrections begin in France; Louis XVI is imprisoned by the Commune of Paris.
1792/--/-- 55 - Russia and Prussia invade Poland, which is still recovering from the Partition of 1772.
1792/--/-- 55 - Swiss scientist Aime Argand develops a practical oil lamp using a tubular wick.
1792/--/-- 55 - The Columbia River is discovered by Boston trader Robert Gray.
1792/--/-- 55 - The French Republic adopts the guillotine as a uniform method of execution.
1792/--/-- 55 - The French under Dumouriez halt the Prussians and defeat the Austrians at Jemappes.
1792/--/-- 55 - The National Convention proclaims France a Republic.
1792/--/-- 55 - The Treaty of Jasso ends the Russo-Turkish War.
1792/--/-- 55 - The dollar is selected as the U.S. unit of currency.
1792/--/-- 55 - Thomas Paine publishes the Rights of Man and is outlawed for treason in England.
1793/--/-- 56 - Britain, Holland, Spain and Sardinia form a new anti-French coalition.
1793/--/-- 56 - Eli Whitney invents cotton gin; revives dying slave economy of South
1793/--/-- 56 - Eli Whitney invents the cotton gin.
1793/--/-- 56 - France adopts the metric system of measurement.
1793/--/-- 56 - France raises the first national army of conscripts to oppose the Coalition forces.
1793/--/-- 56 - French King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette executed
1793/--/-- 56 - French revolutionary Jean Paul Marat is murdered by Charlotte Corday.
1793/--/-- 56 - Fugitive Slave Act
1793/--/-- 56 - George Washington lays the cornerstone for the Capitol building in Washington D.C.
1793/--/-- 56 - J.-L. David paints "The Dead Marat"
1793/--/-- 56 - Jean Pierre Blanchard makes the first U.S. balloon flight in Philadelphia.
1793/--/-- 56 - Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette are executed; the Reign of Terror begins in France.
1793/--/-- 56 - Russia and Prussia seize Polish lands as part of the Second Partition of Poland.
1794/--/-- 57 - Ann Ward Radcliffe publishes her gothic novel The Mysteries of Udolpho.
1794/--/-- 57 - French engineer Claude Chappe invents the semaphore signaling system.
1794/--/-- 57 - Jay's Treaty settles disputes between Britain and the U.S.
1794/--/-- 57 - Militia under General Henry Lee suppress the Whiskey Rebellion in Pennsylvania.
1794/--/-- 57 - Robespierre's execution ends the Reign of Terror in France; the Thermidorian Reaction begins.
1794/--/-- 57 - Tadeusz Kosciuszko leads a revolt of Polish peasants against Russia.
1794/--/-- 57 - The British occupy the French island of Corsica for a two-year period.
1794/--/-- 57 - The Qajar (Kajar) dynasty is founded in Persia (Iran).
1794/--/-- 57 - U.S. forces under Anthony Wayne defeat the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
1795/--/-- 58 - American artist Charles Wilson Peale paints the Staircase group.
1795/--/-- 58 - Austrian composer Franz Josef Haydn completes the 12 London symphonies.
1795/--/-- 58 - France claims the island of Hispaniola.
1795/--/-- 58 - Napoleon Bonaparte defeats the insurrectionists in Paris.
1795/--/-- 58 - Prussia and Spain sue for peace with France.
1795/--/-- 58 - Scottish explorer Mungo Park reaches the Gambia and Niger Rivers.
1795/--/-- 58 - Scottish geologist James Hutton publishes his Theory of the Earth.
1795/--/-- 58 - Spain recognizes U.S. claims to West Florida (Mississippi).
1795/--/-- 58 - Stanislaw II abdicates as the last king of Poland.
1795/--/-- 58 - The British capture Cape Province (South Africa) from the Dutch.
1795/--/-- 58 - The Constitution of 1795 establishes a Directory to rule France.
1795/--/-- 58 - The Methodists separate from the Church of England.
1795/--/-- 58 - The final Partition of Poland is made among Russia, Prussia and Austria.
1796/--/-- 59 - English novelist Fanny Burney publishes Camilla.
1796/--/-- 59 - English physician Edward Jenner develops vaccination against smallpox.
1796/--/-- 59 - George Washington declines to serve as president for a third term.
1796/--/-- 59 - Gilbert Stuart paints a portrait of Washington (used later on the dollar bill).
1796/--/-- 59 - John Adams is elected as the 2nd U.S. president; Jefferson becomes vice-president.
1796/--/-- 59 - Napoleon defeats the Austrian and Sardinian armies in Italy.
1796/--/-- 59 - Napoleon marries Josephine, the widow of the vicomte de Beauharnais.
1796/--/-- 59 - Napoleon restores Corsica to French rule.
1796/--/-- 59 - Samuel Hahnemann publishes his findings on homeopathic treatment.
1796/--/-- 59 - Spain sides with France in the war against Britain.
1796/--/-- 59 - Tennessee becomes the 16th state of the Union.
1796/--/-- 59 - The British seize Ceylon (Sri Lanka) from the Dutch.
1797/--/-- 60 - Austria cedes the Austrian Netherlands (present-day Belgium) to France.
1797/--/-- 60 - British wood engraver Thomas Bewick publishes A History of British Birds.
1797/--/-- 60 - David Thompson surveys the Mississippi headwaters for the North West Company.
1797/--/-- 60 - John Adams (Federalist) becomes president of the United States
1797/--/-- 60 - Nelson defeats the Spanish fleet at Cape St. Vincent, and the Dutch at Camperdown.
1797/--/-- 60 - The British capture the Spanish colony of Trinidad.
1797/--/-- 60 - The Directory appoint Talleyrand as minister of foreign affairs for France.
1797/--/-- 60 - The Treaty of Campo Formio ends the war of the First Coalition against France.
1797/--/-- 60 - The Venetian Republic is dissolved; Venice is ruled by Austria.
1798/--/-- 61 - Alien and Sedition Act
1798/--/-- 61 - America's first professional author Charles Brockden Brown publishes Wieland.
1798/--/-- 61 - Britain, Austria, Russia and Turkey form a Second Coalition against France.
1798/--/-- 61 - Economist Thomas Malthus publishes An Essay on the Principle of Population.
1798/--/-- 61 - Eli Whitney uses early mass production techniques to manufacture muskets.
1798/--/-- 61 - French armies occupy Rome and invade Switzerland, creating the Helvetic Republic.
1798/--/-- 61 - Haydn composes "The Creation"
1798/--/-- 61 - Lord Wellesley becomes governor-general of India.
1798/--/-- 61 - Napoleon's army invades Egypt and defeats the Mamelukes at the Battle of the Pyramids.
1798/--/-- 61 - The French fleet is destroyed by Nelson at Abukir Bay, cutting off Napoleon's forces in Egypt.
1798/--/-- 61 - The U.S. Congress passes the controversial Alien and Sedition Acts.
1798/--/-- 61 - The XYZ Affair leads to the Quasi War between France and the U.S.
1798/--/-- 61 - The territory of Mississippi becomes part of the United States.
1798/--/-- 61 - William Wordsworth publishes Lyrical Ballads with Samuel Taylor Coleridge.
1798/--/-- 61 - Wolfe Tone leads a revolt against the British by the Society of United Irishmen.
1799/--/-- 62 - A 33,000 year-old frozen mammoth is discovered at the Lena River in Russia.
1799/--/-- 62 - Britain becomes the first nation to introduce a national income tax.
1799/--/-- 62 - City Hotel, the first American structure designed as a hotel, opens in New York.
1799/--/-- 62 - Humboldt and Bonpland begin their scientific expedition in South American.
1799/--/-- 62 - Napoleon attacks Syria to prevent a Turkish invasion of Egypt, but is defeated at Acre.
1799/--/-- 62 - Napoleon becomes Consul
1799/--/-- 62 - Napoleon returns to France as first consul; the Consulate replaces the Directory.
1799/--/-- 62 - Ranjit Singh establishes a Sikh kingdom in northwest India.
1799/--/-- 62 - Russian forces under Suvorov defeat the French in Italy, but are held at Zurich.
1799/--/-- 62 - The Rosetta Stone, the key to deciphering hieroglyphics, is discovered in Egypt.
1799/--/-- 62 - The Russian-American Company is founded to administer the Alaskan fur trade.
1799/--/-- 62 - Tippu Sultan is killed in battle with the British; the Mysore empire is destroyed.
1800/--/-- 63 - Black slave Gabriel leads an abortive uprising near Richmond, Virginia.
1800/--/-- 63 - France regains Louisiana from Spain under the secret Treaty of San Ildefonso.
1800/--/-- 63 - Italian physicist Alessandro Volta invents the first electric battery.
1800/--/-- 63 - Jefferson defeats Adams in the U.S. presidential election, but ties with Burr.
1800/--/-- 63 - Johnny Appleseed (John Chapman) arrives in the Ohio River valley around this time.
1800/--/-- 63 - Library of Congress founded
1800/--/-- 63 - Madame de Stael publishes The Influence of Literature Upon Society.
1800/--/-- 63 - Napoleon commissions Cambaceres to develop the Napoleonic Code of law.
1800/--/-- 63 - Napoleon defeats the Austrians at the Battle of Marengo.
1800/--/-- 63 - Seat of government moves from Philadelphia to Washington, DC
1800/--/-- 63 - The Library of Congress is founded in Washington D.C.
1800/--/-- 63 - The seat of U.S. government is transferred to Washington, D.C.
1800/--/-- 63 - Volta invents electric battery
1801/--/-- 64 - Alexander I becomes emperor of Russia after the murder of his father Paul I.
1801/--/-- 64 - Barbary pirates begin the Tripolitan War; a U.S. squadron sails to the Mediterranean.
1801/--/-- 64 - Castlereagh secures passage of the Act of Union, which unites Britain and Ireland.
1801/--/-- 64 - Chemists Proust and Berthollet debate the constancy of chemical composition.
1801/--/-- 64 - Jefferson is selected as the 3rd U.S. president; Burr becomes vice-president.
1801/--/-- 64 - Nelson defeats the Danish fleet at Copenhagen.
1801/--/-- 64 - Robert Fulton demonstrates his 3-man submarine the Nautilus.
1801/--/-- 64 - The British defeat Napoleon's army of Egypt at Alexandria.
1801/--/-- 64 - The Peace of Luneville ends the war between France and Austria.
1801/--/-- 64 - The Union Jack becomes the official flag of the United Kingdom.
1801/--/-- 64 - Thomas Jefferson (Democratic Republican) becomes president of the United States
1802/--/-- 65 - Alexander von Humboldt climbs Mt. Chimborazo, setting a world height record.
1802/--/-- 65 - American artist Benjamin West paints Death on a Pale Horse.
1802/--/-- 65 - Britain returns the island of Minorca to Spain.
1802/--/-- 65 - Napoleon is created First Consul for life.
1802/--/-- 65 - The French capture Haitian leader Toussaint, but are defeated by Christophe.
1802/--/-- 65 - The Treaty of Amiens brings a temporary halt to the French Revolutionary Wars.
1802/02/24 65 *** Pierce, Sarah -Sally- (Bozarth) & Bozarth, Levi [Son] - Married Hardin County, Kentucky
1803/--/-- 66 - Britain declares war on France, beginning the Napoleonic Wars.
1803/--/-- 66 - Britain establishes a new penal colony on Van Diemen's Land (Tasmania).
1803/--/-- 66 - Dalton devises table of elements
1803/--/-- 66 - English scientist John Dalton describes his atomic theory.
1803/--/-- 66 - France sells Louisiana to the U.S.
1803/--/-- 66 - Matthew Flinders completes the first circumnavigation of Australia.
1803/--/-- 66 - Ohio is inaugurated as the l7th state of the Union.
1803/--/-- 66 - Robert Emmet leads an Irish rebellion in Dublin; he is captured and executed.
1804/--/-- 67 - American politician Aaron Burr kills Alexander Hamilton in a duel.
1804/--/-- 67 - Dessalines declares Haitian independence and names himself Emperor Jacques I.
1804/--/-- 67 - English engineer Richard Trevithick builds the first steam locomotive.
1804/--/-- 67 - Francis II assumes the title of emperor of Austria.
1804/--/-- 67 - Fulani leader Usman dan Fodio leads a holy war against the Hausa in Nigeria.
1804/--/-- 67 - Jefferson is reelected as U.S. president; Clinton becomes vice-president.
1804/--/-- 67 - Lewis and Clark expedition encounters Native Americans
1804/--/-- 67 - Lewis and Clarke Expedition
1804/--/-- 67 - Meriwether Lewis and William Clark begin exploring the American north-west.
1804/--/-- 67 - Napoleon becomes Emperor
1804/--/-- 67 - Napoleon crowns himself emperor of France.
1804/--/-- 67 - Serbian nationalists revolt against the Turks.
1804/--/-- 67 - Stephen Decatur leads a U.S. navy skirmish into Tripoli harbor.
1805/--/-- 68 - American explorers Lewis and Clark reach the Pacific Ocean.
1805/--/-- 68 - Austria sues for peace with France at the Treaty of Pressburg.
1805/--/-- 68 - Britain, Austria, Russia and Sweden form a Third Coalition against France.
1805/--/-- 68 - Muhammad Ali is appointed Pasha (governor) of Egypt by the Ottoman sultan.
1805/--/-- 68 - Nelson defeats the Franco-Spanish fleet at Trafalgar, but is killed during the action.
1805/--/-- 68 - The French defeat Austro-Russian forces at the Battle of Austerlitz.
1805/--/-- 68 - The Shawnee Prophet, brother of Tecumseh, begins planning an Indian uprising.
1806/--/-- 69 - Emperor Jacques I is assassinated; Haiti is divided between Christophe and Petion.
1806/--/-- 69 - Napoleon begins the Continental System, closing European ports to British vessels.
1806/--/-- 69 - Napoleon forces the abdication of Francis II; the Holy Roman Empire is dissolved.
1806/--/-- 69 - Noah Webster publishes "Compendious" Dictionary of the English Language"
1806/--/-- 69 - Prussia joins the Coalition against France, but is defeated at Jena-Auerstadt.
1806/--/-- 69 - Revolutionary leader Francisco de Miranda makes an abortive invasion of Venezuela.
1806/--/-- 69 - The British employ Congreve rockets against a French invasion fleet.
1806/--/-- 69 - U.S. explorer Zebulon Pike is sent west to descend the Red River.
1806/--/-- 69 - William Murdock installs gas lighting in a Manchester cotton mill.
1807/--/-- 70 - Aaron Burr is tried for treason and acquitted.
1807/--/-- 70 - Beethoven completes his Fifth Symphony and begins the Sixth (Pastoral).
1807/--/-- 70 - British chemist Humphry Davy discovers the elements potassium and sodium.
1807/--/-- 70 - Congress passes the Embargo Act in response to interference with U.S. shipping.
1807/--/-- 70 - German philosopher Hegel publishes The Phenomenology of the Spirit.
1807/--/-- 70 - Napoleon defeats the Russian armies; Russia and Prussia sue for peace at Tilsit.
1807/--/-- 70 - Portugal refuses to observe the blockade against England; France invades Portugal.
1807/--/-- 70 - Robert Fulton's steamship the Clermont makes its maiden voyage.
1807/--/-- 70 - Sir Humphry Davy discovers the elements potassium and sodium
1807/--/-- 70 - The Janissaries depose Sultan Selim III and place Mustafa IV on the Ottoman throne.
1807/--/-- 70 - The U.S. frigate Chesapeake is involved in an incident with a British man-of-war.
1807/--/-- 70 - The slave trade is outlawed throughout the British Empire.
1808/--/-- 71 - Beethoven composes "Fifth Symphony"
1808/--/-- 71 - Congress prohibits importing of African slaves
1808/--/-- 71 - Francisco de Goya paints The Third of May, depicting the cruelty of war.
1808/--/-- 71 - French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac isolates the element boron.
1808/--/-- 71 - German artist Caspar David Friedrich exhibits The Cross in the Mountains.
1808/--/-- 71 - Japanese artist Buncho paints True View of Mount Hiko.
1808/--/-- 71 - John Jacob Astor founds the American Fur Company.
1808/--/-- 71 - Napoleon appoints his brother Joseph as king of Spain.
1808/--/-- 71 - Napoleon occupys Spain
1808/--/-- 71 - The British under Wellington aid Portugal against France in the Peninsular War.
1809/--/-- 72 - Frenchman Nicolas Appert develops the first effective method for canning food.
1809/--/-- 72 - German artists Overbeck and Pforr found the Nazarenes.
1809/--/-- 72 - James Madison (Democratic Republican) becomes president of the United States
1809/--/-- 72 - John Stevens' steamboat the Phoenix makes the first ocean-going voyage.
1809/--/-- 72 - Lamarck publishes his theories of evolution in Zoological Philosophy.
1809/--/-- 72 - Metternich draws Austria into the War of the Fifth Coalition against France.
1809/--/-- 72 - Napoleon annexes the Papal States and takes Pope Pius VII prisoner.
1809/--/-- 72 - Russia seizes Finland from Sweden; King Gustav IV Adolf abdicates.
1809/--/-- 72 - The French defeat the Austrians at Wagram; Francis II accepts the Treaty of Schonbrunn.
1810/--/-- 73 - A rebellion against Spain breaks out in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
1810/--/-- 73 - American settlers rebel against the Spanish in West Florida.
1810/--/-- 73 - Kamehameha I becomes ruler of Hawaii and establishes the Kamehameha dynasty.
1810/--/-- 73 - Mexican priest Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla leads a rebellion against Spanish rule.
1810/--/-- 73 - Revolutions in Latin America lead to independent nations
1810/--/-- 73 - Separatists movements in Latin America
1810/--/-- 73 - The Krupp arms factory is established at Essen in Germany.
1810/--/-- 73 - Wellington's Anglo-Portuguese army holds the French on the outskirts of Lisbon.
1811/--/-- 74 *** Bozarth, William [Grandson] - Born to Bozarth, Levi and Pierce, Sarah -Sally- (Bozarth) DeKalb County, Tennessee
1811/--/-- 74 - Bolivar and Miranda lead the Venezuelan congress in a declaration of independence.
1811/--/-- 74 - First steamboat to sail down Mississippi reaches New Orleans
1811/--/-- 74 - George III becomes mentally unstable; the Prince of Wales assumes power as regent.
1811/--/-- 74 - Henri Christophe declares himself king of northern Haiti.
1811/--/-- 74 - Italian chemist Amedeo Avogadro develops the concept known as Avogadro's law.
1811/--/-- 74 - Jane Austen "Sense and Sensibility"
1811/--/-- 74 - Jose Artigas raises a force to expel the Spanish from the Banda Oriental (Uruguay).
1811/--/-- 74 - Mexican rebel leader Hidalgo y Costilla is captured and executed.
1811/--/-- 74 - Native Americans defeated in Battle of Tippecanoe in Indiana Territory
1811/--/-- 74 - The Luddites riot in England against the mechanization of the textile industry.
1811/--/-- 74 - The building of the National Road, the first U.S. federal highway, begins in Maryland.
1811/--/-- 74 - The first rowing race in the United States is held in New York.
1811/--/-- 74 - The ruling Mameluke aristocracy is massacred in Cairo by Muhammad Ali.
1811/--/-- 74 - William Henry Harrison defeats the Shawnee Indians at the Battle of Tippecanoe.
1812/--/-- 75 - An earthquake destroys Caracas in Venezuela, killing 12,000.
1812/--/-- 75 - English caricaturist Thomas Rowlandson illustrates the Tour of Dr. Syntax.
1812/--/-- 75 - General William Hull surrenders Detroit to the British.
1812/--/-- 75 - Georges Cuvier develops his theory of catastrophism through the study of fossils.
1812/--/-- 75 - Grimm's Fairy Tales are published in Germany.
1812/--/-- 75 - John Nash begins the oriental conversion of the Royal Pavilion at Brighton.
1812/--/-- 75 - Louisiana is inaugurated as the 18th state of the Union.
1812/--/-- 75 - Napoleon defeated in Russia
1812/--/-- 75 - Napoleon invades Russia with 450,000 men.
1812/--/-- 75 - Napoleon's army retreats from Moscow; only 40,000 men reach France.
1812/--/-- 75 - Rebel leader Morelos y Pavon defeats the Mexican royalist forces at Oaxaca.
1812/--/-- 75 - Spanish forces defeat Bolivar and Miranda in Venezuela; Miranda is imprisoned.
1812/--/-- 75 - Stephen Decatur's frigate United States defeats the British frigate Macedonian.
1812/--/-- 75 - Swiss explorer Jakob Burckhardt rediscovers the ancient city of Petra.
1812/--/-- 75 - Territorial and shipping disputes lead to the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Britain.
1812/--/-- 75 - The French defeat the Russians at Borodino; Napoleon occupies Moscow.
1812/--/-- 75 - The U.S. Navy frigate Constitution defeats 2 British frigates.
1812/--/-- 75 - The ancient city of Petra (now in present-day Jordan) is rediscovered by Johann Burckhardt.
1812/--/-- 75 - The first coal gas generating station is chartered in London to provide gas lighting.
1812/--/-- 75 - War of 1812 Begins
1812/--/-- 75 - Wellington defeats the French at the Battle of Salamanca in Spain.
1813/--/-- 76 - 14 Luddites are hanged at York in England.
1813/--/-- 76 - English novelist Jane Austen publishes Pride and Prejudice.
1813/--/-- 76 - James Wilkinson captures a fort at Mobile, the last Spanish possession in West Florida.
1813/--/-- 76 - Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Leipzig by the Sixth Coalition.
1813/--/-- 76 - Oliver Hazard Perry's ships destroy the British fleet on Lake Erie.
1813/--/-- 76 - British Indian leader Tecumseh is killed in the Battle of the Thames.
1813/--/-- 76 - Rebel forces invade Venezuela and capture Caracas; Bolivar is declared the Liberator.
1813/--/-- 76 - Robert Southey is made poet laureate of England.
1813/--/-- 76 - Wellington defeats the French in Spain at Vitoria and invades southern France.
1813/--/-- 76 - William Henry Harrison defeats the British at the Battle of the Thames.
1814/--/-- 77 - Actor Edmund Kean makes his debut as Shylock in The Merchant of Venice.
1814/--/-- 77 - Andrew Jackson annihilates the Creek Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.
1814/--/-- 77 - Andrew Jackson crushes Creek Resistance in South
1814/--/-- 77 - British forces burn Washington, D.C., but are repulsed at Fort McHenry.
1814/--/-- 77 - Coalition armies invade France; Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to the island of Elba.
1814/--/-- 77 - French artist Ingres paints The Grand Odalisque.
1814/--/-- 77 - George Stephenson constructs his first steam locomotive.
1814/--/-- 77 - Louis XVIII assumes the French throne.
1814/--/-- 77 - New England states discuss their secession from the Union at the Hartford Convention.
1814/--/-- 77 - Pope Pius VII returns to Rome; the Jesuit order is reestablished.
1814/--/-- 77 - The Treaty of Ghent ends the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Britain.
1814/--/-- 77 - Treaty of Ghent
1814/--/-- 77 - U.S. forces under Thomas Macdonough destroy the British fleet on Lake Champlain.
1815/--/-- 78 - French Monarchy re-established
1815/--/-- 78 - Napoleon escapes from Elba and marches on Paris during the Hundred Days.
1815/--/-- 78 - Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo; he is exiled to the island of Saint Helena.
1815/--/-- 78 - The Americans defeat the British at New Orleans before news of peace arrives.
1815/--/-- 78 - The Barbary States sue for peace with the U.S.
1815/--/-- 78 - The Spanish army reconquers Venezuela; Bolivar flees to Jamaica.
1815/--/-- 78 - The Spanish capture and execute the Mexican rebel leader Morelos y Pavon.
1815/--/-- 78 - The first Gurkha regiment is formed by the British army.
1815/--/-- 78 - War of 1812 Ends
1816/--/-- 79 - Gioacchino Rossini's opera The Barber of Seville is performed in Rome.
1816/--/-- 79 - Indiana is inaugurated as the 19th state of the Union.
1816/--/-- 79 - Maria I of Portugal dies; she is succeeded by John VI who remains in exile in Brazil.
1816/--/-- 79 - Nepal is made a protectorate of British India.
1816/--/-- 79 - Shaka begins establishing the Zulu empire in South Africa.
1816/--/-- 79 - The British Museum buys the Elgin Marbles (smuggled from Greece by Lord Elgin).
1816/--/-- 79 - The United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata (Argentina) declare independence.
1817/--/-- 80 - Construction begins on Erie Canal in New York
1817/--/-- 80 - Construction of the Erie Canal begins in New York State.
1817/--/-- 80 - First Seminole War
1817/--/-- 80 - French physician Rene Laennec invents the stethoscope.
1817/--/-- 80 - James Monroe (Democratic Republican) becomes president of the United States
1817/--/-- 80 - Jose de San Martin and Bernardo O'Higgins defeat the Spanish in Chile.
1817/--/-- 80 - Mississippi is inaugurated as the 20th state of the Union.
1817/--/-- 80 - Monroe is inaugurated as the 5th U.S. president; Tompkins becomes vice-president.
1817/--/-- 80 - Sir Walter Scott writes the Scottish adventure novel Rob Roy.
1818/--/-- 81 - Arthur Schopenhauer publishes The World as Will and Representation.
1818/--/-- 81 - Bernardo O'Higgins becomes the supreme director of independent Chile.
1818/--/-- 81 - Composer Franz Schubert becomes the music teacher to Count Esterhazy's family.
1818/--/-- 81 - English chemist Sir Humphry Davy invents the miner's safety lamp.
1818/--/-- 81 - Illinois is inaugurated as the 21st state of the Union.
1818/--/-- 81 - John Keats "Endymion"
1818/--/-- 81 - Mary Wollstonecroft Shelley publishes the horror novel Frankenstein.
1818/--/-- 81 - Sir John Ross sails in search of the Northwest Passage.
1818/--/-- 81 - Thomas Love Peacock publishes his comic novel Nightmare Abbey.
1818/--/-- 81 - Treaty with Britain sets 49th parallel
1819/--/-- 82 - Alabama is inaugurated as the 22nd state of the Union.
1819/--/-- 82 - American artist Washington Allston paints Moonlit Landscape.
1819/--/-- 82 - Bolivar defeats the Spanish in Colombia at the Battle of Boyaca.
1819/--/-- 82 - Lord Byron begins his satirical poem Don Juan.
1819/--/-- 82 - Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles acquires Singapore for the East India Company.
1819/--/-- 82 - Spain surrenders East and West Florida to the U.S. in the Adams-Onis Treaty.
1819/--/-- 82 - The Prado Museum is inaugurated in Madrid.
1819/--/-- 82 - The Savannah becomes the first steamship to cross the Atlantic.
1819/--/-- 82 - Treaty with Spain sets boundaries
1820/--/-- 83 - Carbonari Italian nationalists rebel against the rule of Ferdinand I in Naples.
1820/--/-- 83 - English poet John Keats writes Ode To a Nightingale.
1820/--/-- 83 - English poet Percy Bysshe Shelley writes Prometheus Unbound.
1820/--/-- 83 - Fed offers land at $1.25 an acre
1820/--/-- 83 - French navigator Dumont d'Urville discovers the Venus de Milo on the island of Melos.
1820/--/-- 83 - French poet Alphonse de Lamartine publishes Meditations Poetiques.
1820/--/-- 83 - Henri Christophe commits suicide; Haiti is united under Jean Pierre Boyer.
1820/--/-- 83 - Juan Manuel de Rosas becomes the virtual dictator of Argentina.
1820/--/-- 83 - Maine is inaugurated as the 23rd state of the Union.
1820/--/-- 83 - Missouri Compromise
1820/--/-- 83 - Percy Bysshe Shelly "Prometheus Unbound"
1820/--/-- 83 - Russian Admiral Fabian von Bellingshausen sights land in the Antarctic.
1820/--/-- 83 - Stephen H. Long explores the Rocky Mountain region.
1820/--/-- 83 - The Missouri Compromise admits Missouri to the Union as a slave state.
1820/--/-- 83 - The Prince Regent becomes King George IV on the death of George III.
1820/--/-- 83 - The first American missionaries are admitted to Hawaii.
1820/--/-- 83 - The first free American slaves to be resettled in Africa land in Liberia.
1820/--/-- 83 - U.S. navy hero Stephen Decatur is killed in a duel.
1820/--/-- 83 - Washington Irving publishes Rip Van Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.
1821/--/-- 84 - American captain John Davis is the first to land on the continent of Antarctica.
1821/--/-- 84 - Bolivar forms Gran Colombia (Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela and Panama).
1821/--/-- 84 - Brazil annexes the Banda Oriental (Uruguay).
1821/--/-- 84 - English landscape artist John Constable paints The Hay Wain.
1821/--/-- 84 - King John VI is reinstated on the Portuguese throne.
1821/--/-- 84 - Mexican Independence
1821/--/-- 84 - Michael Faraday discovers electromagnetic rotation
1821/--/-- 84 - Missouri Compromise
1821/--/-- 84 - Missouri is inaugurated as the 24th state of the Union.
1821/--/-- 84 - Napoleon dies on Saint Helena.
1821/--/-- 84 - Revolutionary general San Martin enters Lima and declares Peru independent.
1821/--/-- 84 - Revolutionary leader Iturbide declares Mexican independence from Spain.
1821/--/-- 84 - Simon Bolivar defeats the Spanish forces in Venezuela and Ecuador.
1821/--/-- 84 - The Cherokee Indian Sequoya develops the Cherokee written language.
1821/--/-- 84 - The Greek War of Independence begins against Turkey.
1821/--/-- 84 - Thomas de Quincey's Confessions of an English Opium Eater is published.
1821/07/09 84 - George IV crowned King of Great Britain and Ireland at Westminster Abbey by Char
1822/--/-- 85 - American surgeon William Beaumont begins his study of the gastric process.
1822/--/-- 85 - Antonio Jose de Sucre defeats the Spanish in Ecuador at the Battle of Pichincha.
1822/--/-- 85 - British statesman Lord Castlereagh commits suicide.
1822/--/-- 85 - Denmark Vesey leads a slave revolt in Charleston; 35 blacks are executed.
1822/--/-- 85 - Dom Pedro, son of Portuguese King John VI, declares Brazil independent.
1822/--/-- 85 - Egyptian leader Muhammad Ali completes the conquest of northern Sudan.
1822/--/-- 85 - French scholar Jean Francois Champollion deciphers the Rosetta Stone hieroglyphics.
1823/--/-- 86 - Charles Babbage begins work on his difference engine, a precursor of the computer.
1823/--/-- 86 - Charles Lamb publishes his Essays of Elia in The London Magazine.
1823/--/-- 86 - Charles Macintosh patents the waterproof fabric used in mackintosh raincoats.
1823/--/-- 86 - General Santa Anna leads a coup against Mexican Emperor Agustin I (Iturbide).
1823/--/-- 86 - James Fenimore Cooper publishes the first volume of The Leatherstocking Tales.
1823/--/-- 86 - Japanese artist Hokusai begins a series of Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji.
1823/--/-- 86 - Ludwig van Beethoven completes his 9th Symphony.
1823/--/-- 86 - Monroe Doctrine
1823/--/-- 86 - Rugby football originates at Rugby School in England.
1823/--/-- 86 - The Monroe Doctrine warns Europe not to interfere in the Americas.
1824/--/-- 87 - De Sucre defeats the Spanish at the Battle of Ayacucho, liberating Peru.
1824/--/-- 87 - Disputes over the border of India lead to war between Britain and Burma.
1824/--/-- 87 - English poet Lord Byron travels to Greece to aid the patriots but dies of a fever.
1824/--/-- 87 - Jons Jakob Berzelius discovers the element silicon about this time.
1824/--/-- 87 - Sadi Carnot lays the foundations for the second law of thermodynamics.
1824/--/-- 87 - The Ashanti begin a war of resistance against Britain in the Gold Coast (Ghana).
1824/--/-- 87 - The Ashanti begin a war of resistance against Britain in the Gold Coast (Ghana).
1824/--/-- 87 - The National Gallery is founded in London.
1825/--/-- 88 - Adams is inaugurated as the 6th U.S. president; Calhoun becomes vice-president.
1825/--/-- 88 - American painter Thomas Cole founds the Hudson River School about this time.
1825/--/-- 88 - English literary critic William Hazlitt publishes The Spirit of the Age.
1825/--/-- 88 - John Quincy Adams (Democratic Republican) becomes president of the United States
1825/--/-- 88 - Kappa Alpha, the first social fraternity, is formed at Union College, New York.
1825/--/-- 88 - Mountain man James Bridger discovers the Great Salt Lake.
1825/--/-- 88 - Nicholas I is made emperor of Russia; the Decembrists revolt breaks out.
1825/--/-- 88 - The Central American Federation declares its independence from Mexico.
1825/--/-- 88 - Thomas Cole establishes Hudson River school of landscape painting
1825/--/-- 88 - Uruguayan leader Lavalleja precipitates a war between Brazil and Argentina.
1825/--/-- 88 - Welsh reformer Robert Owen founds a community at New Harmony, Indiana.
1826/--/-- 89 - American engineer John Stevens builds the first U.S. steam locomotive.
1826/--/-- 89 - Andre Ampere publishes his Theory of Electrodynamic Phenomenon.
1826/--/-- 89 - British engineer Thomas Telford builds the Menai suspension bridge in Wales.
1826/--/-- 89 - Felix Mendelssohn composes his overture to A Midsummer Night's Dream at age 17.
1826/--/-- 89 - German poet Heine begins the publication of Reisebilder (Travel Pictures).
1826/--/-- 89 - Ohm's law establishes the relationship of electrical voltage, current and resistance.
1826/--/-- 89 - Revolutionary leader Antonio Jose de Sucre is elected first president of Bolivia.
1827/--/-- 90 - American frontiersman Davy Crockett is elected to Congress.
1827/--/-- 90 - Audubon publishes " Birds of America"
1827/--/-- 90 - Britain, France and Russia demand that Turkey ends the war with Greece.
1827/--/-- 90 - English inventor John Walker introduces the first friction matches.
1827/--/-- 90 - French landscape artist Camille Corot paints the Bridge at Narni.
1827/--/-- 90 - Mountain man Jedediah Smith pioneers an overland route to California.
1827/--/-- 90 - Ornithologist John James Audubon begins the publication of his Birds of America.
1827/--/-- 90 - The Allied navies destroy the Turkish and Egyptian fleet at Navarino in Greece.
1828/--/-- 91 - Composer Frederic Chopin begins concert tours at age 18.
1828/--/-- 91 - Greeks win War of Independence from Ottoman Empire
1828/--/-- 91 - Lavalleja's Thirty-three Immortals achieve Uruguayan independence from Brazil.
1828/--/-- 91 - Noah Webster publishes his American Dictionary of the English Language.
1828/--/-- 91 - Rammohun Roy founds the Brahmo Samaj religious society in India.
1828/--/-- 91 - The Duke of Wellington becomes prime minister of Britain.
1828/--/-- 91 - Virtuoso violin player Niccolo Paganini performs in Vienna.
1828/03/03 91 *** Alexander, Elizabeth (Bozarth) - Died
In 1737 Transportation was by:
Foot
Horse
Sailing ship
By 1828 Transportation was by:
Bicycle
Steamboat
in addition.
In 1737 Communications was by:
Word of Mouth
By 1828 Communications was by:
Post Office
in addition.
In 1737 Food Preparation was by:
Wood
In 1737 Entertainment was by:
Social Intercourse
Organized Sports
Travel
Professional Sports
Movies
Radio
Television
Theme parks
Computer
In 1737 Health Care was by:
Operations
Anesthetic
X-Rays
MRI
In 1737 War Making was by:
Calvary
gun
Artillery
By 1828 War Making was by:
Submarine
in addition.
In 1737 Navigation was by:
Stars & Maps
Compass
from the SFHR database of Duane Bristow 03-13-2021 19:58:18